Function
Atypical E2F transcription factor that participates in various processes such as angiogenesis, polyploidization of specialized cells and DNA damage response. Mainly acts as a transcription repressor that binds DNA independently of DP proteins and specifically recognizes the E2 recognition site 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3'. Directly represses transcription of classical E2F transcription factors such as E2F1. Acts as a regulator of S-phase by recognizing and binding the E2-related site 5'-TTCCCGCC-3' and mediating repression of G1/S-regulated genes. Plays a key role in polyploidization of cells in placenta and liver by regulating the endocycle, probably by repressing genes promoting cytokinesis and antagonizing action of classical E2F proteins (E2F1, E2F2 and/or E2F3). Required for placental development by promoting polyploidization of trophoblast giant cells. Also involved in DNA damage response: up-regulated by p53/TP53 following genotoxic stress and acts as a downstream effector of p53/TP53-dependent repression by mediating repression of indirect p53/TP53 target genes involved in DNA replication. Acts as a promoter of sprouting angiogenesis, possibly by acting as a transcription activator: associates with HIF1A, recognizes and binds the VEGFA promoter, which is different from canonical E2 recognition site, and activates expression of the VEGFA gene. Acts as a negative regulator of keratinocyte differentiation.
Gene Ontology
GO:0016607; GO:0005634; GO:0090575; GO:0003677; GO:0003700; GO:0000981; GO:0001227; GO:0042802; GO:0000987; GO:0000978; GO:0000977; GO:0043565; GO:0003714; GO:0008134; GO:0060718; GO:0030330; GO:0070365; GO:0008285; GO:0032466; GO:2000134; GO:0000122; GO:0071930; GO:0001890; GO:0032877; GO:0045944; GO:0051726; GO:0006355; GO:0002040; GO:0060707